Perhaps few people know, from the tribal system to the evolution of the transition countries, San Marino has a landmark move: it actually became the world's first republican state, surrounded on three sides than Italy but their territory many years earlier.
San Marino's highest rulers first abbot, since the composition of city-state, the master who has become a secular power of the two consuls (Consul). The earliest consuls selection by the upper class, known as the "Executive" (Captain), another selection from the citizens, known as the "protector" (Defender). But in 1317 they were united as the two "ruling Executive" (Capitani Reggenti). Archon's term of office only six months, year on April 1 and October 1 election has become the date of the new consuls. The two Captains Regent is the country's highest representative of the executive power not only to master, but also master the Parliament - apparently they did not practice very common in Europe, the "separation of powers" model.
San Marino since the Roman Catholic Church in the debate on access to allow independent and has been respected by all countries.
You can wear out during the Napoleonic Italy, San Marino is not only not into the military, but the command of Saddam was Kate in Zhalimini General presented to the San Marino 1000 tons of wheat and four cannons, helpless people of San Marino at the same time wheat has declined to accept a cannon.
Mussolini era, and even dare to move the British dependent territories in Africa, the fascist founder, but then there is plus San Marino grace, not only do not want to occupy the high ground is clearly beneficial to the national strategic plan, but to help them build a series of works, but also Rimini to San Marino funded the construction of the electrified railways, and irrigation and post office buildings, hospitals and Titano Theatre mercy ... ...
Of course, in the nineteenth and twentieth century is full of strange meaning of Europe, San Marino, often had to act as a "fence" role: as in Napoleon's all-powerful, they sing the praises of the high overlord of the Continental; such as France rampant, I also rise with the tide of fascist movements, and elected Giuliano • Ge Qi and Filippo • Mularoni and other fascists for the consul; such as Mussolini's resignation, the Italian 9, 1943 3 announced surrender to the Allies, the German occupation of Italy and the IDF quickly rescued Mussolini, still under their control in northern Italy, set up the "Italian Social Republic." The face of the German Nazi army south, San Marino had promised to the Germans: always loyal, never surrendered the Allies ... ...
But whether in wartime or in peacetime, San Marino's parliamentary system and universal suffrage has been extended since its general election by the Parliament and form of government, especially the government's two-Shounao system, called unique in the world.
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